Certified Diabetes Care and Education Specialist (CDCES) Practice Exam

What nutrient is most likely to be deficient in a vegan-style eating plan without supplementation?

1. Vitamin C

2. Protein

3. Niacin

4. Vitamin B12

The correct answer is: Vitamin B12

The nutrient most likely to be deficient in a vegan-style eating plan without supplementation is Vitamin B12. This vitamin is primarily found in animal products, such as meat, dairy, and eggs. Adults following a vegan diet, which excludes all animal-derived foods, typically do not obtain enough Vitamin B12 from their dietary sources. Vitamin B12 plays a crucial role in the formation of red blood cells, neurological function, and DNA synthesis. Deficiency may lead to anemia and neurological issues, highlighting the importance of ensuring adequate intake for those on a vegan diet. Other nutrients mentioned in the options, while they can be a concern in poorly planned vegan diets, are generally more easily obtained from plant sources. Vitamin C is abundant in fruits and vegetables, protein can be sourced from legumes, nuts, seeds, and whole grains, and niacin can also be consumed through various plant-based foods. Therefore, Vitamin B12 stands out as the nutrient with a significant risk of deficiency in a strictly vegan diet.